L'utilisation d'écrans et le travail de prés d'une manière plus générale semblent liés au développement de la myopie dans l'enfance. Les activités en extérieur pourraient avoir un rôle protecteur. Il faut donc convaincre vos enfants de poser leur livre, tablette, téléphone ou plus rarement cours de mathématique pour se dégourdir les jambes dehors.

Voici une étude en anglais sur le sujet :

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The impact of computer use on myopia development in childhood: The Generation R study.

Enthoven CA1, Tideman JWL1, Polling JR2, Yang-Huang J1, Raat H3, Klaver CCW4.

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Environmental factors are important in the development of myopia. There is still limited evidence as to whether computer use is a risk factor. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between computer use and myopia in the context of other near work activities. Within the birth cohort study Generation R, we studied 5074 children born in Rotterdam between 2002 and 2006. Refractive error and axial length was measured at ages 6 and 9. Information on computer use and outdoor exposure was obtained at age 3, 6 and 9 years using a questionnaire, and reading time and reading distance were assessed at age 9 years. Myopia prevalence (spherical equivalent ≤-0.5 dioptre) was 11.5% at 9 years. Mean computer use was associated with myopia at age 9 (OR = 1.005, 95% CI = 1.001-1.009), as was reading time and reading distance (OR = 1.031; 95% CI = 1.007-1.055 (5-10 h/wk); OR = 1.113; 95% CI = 1.073-1.155 (>10 h/wk) and OR = 1.072; 95% CI = 1.048-1.097 respectively). The combined effect of near work (computer use, reading time and reading distance) showed an increased odd ratio for myopia at age 9 (OR = 1.072; 95% CI = 1.047-1.098), while outdoor exposure showed a decreased odd ratio (OR = 0.996; 95% CI = 0.994-0.999) and the interaction term was significant (P = 0.036). From our results, we can conclude that within our sample of children, increased computer use is associated with myopia development. The effect of combined near work was decreased by outdoor exposure. The risks of digital devices on myopia and the protection by outdoor exposure should become widely known. Public campaigns are warranted.

Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Inc.